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Loader transmission commonly used overrunning clutch Guangxi Liugong Group Co., Ltd. Zhan Yonghong Rong Liping Huang Fuxing 4 Abstract Overrunning clutch is a commonly used component of domestic loader transmission. This paper analyzes the advantages and disadvantages of the two types of overrunning clutches used in domestic loader transmissions and the main reasons for failure.
At present, domestic loaders mostly use front and rear planetary power shift transmissions and twin-turbo torque converters. The power of the twin-turbo requires the automatic synthesis of the overrunning clutch, so the overrunning clutch is widely used on domestic loaders.
1 roller type overrunning clutch overview The basic components of the overrunning clutch are the inner ring cam 1 roller 2 and the outer ring gear 31.
The speed of the inner ring cam 1 when the loader is in high speed light load conditions. 2 is higher than the rotation speed 4 of the outer ring gear 3, the roller 2 is rotated in the direction to be disengaged, the outer ring gear 3 is idling, the power of the inner ring cam 1 is separately output, and the overrunning clutch is in a disengaged state.
When the loader is in the low speed heavy load condition, the rotation speed 2 of the inner ring cam 1 is lower than the rotation speed of the outer ring gear 3, the roller 2 rotates in the direction, is wedged, and the power of the inner ring cam 1 and the outer ring gear 3 Synthetic output, the overrunning clutch is engaged.
This disengagement and wedging of the overrunning clutch is automatically performed as the external load changes, and no manual control is required. The overrunning clutch can work normally and the roller 2 must be properly disengaged or wedged.
2 loader transmission commonly used overrunning clutch At present, the domestic loader transmission generally adopts the following two types of overrunning clutches are roller type overrunning clutches, 2 3. For the convenience of analysis, 2 the isolation ring is set as the human type to Liugong 3, no isolation ring is set to 3 type with the Hangzhou tooth as the generation.
Cam 1 roller 2 outer ring gear 3 isolation ring 4 spring 5 column pad 6 and gland 7. The main function of the column pad 6 is to prevent the spring 5 from leaving an indentation on the gland 7 and preventing the spring from being worn. After the indentation, the spring rubs against the spacer ring. The function of the gland 7 and the spring 5 is to exert a counterclockwise force on the spacer ring 4, causing the spacer ring 4 to push the roller 2 in the counterclockwise direction to the wedge position so that the overrunning clutch can be quickly engaged.
Cam 1 roller 2 outer ring gear 3 pin 4 and spring 5. The pin 4 and spring 5 function to push the roller 2 to the clamping position so that the overrunning clutch can be quickly engaged.
3 Advantages and Disadvantages of Two Overrunning Clutches 3.1 Advantages Advantages of Incoming Overrunning Clutches High part strength. The assembly is simple and convenient.
Advantages of Type 8 Overrunning Clutches The machining accuracy of parts is low. For example, the indexing error of the raceway surfaces of the inner ring cam 1 does not affect the normal operation of the clutch; the error of the inner ring cam 1 to the center distance of the raceway cam does not affect. The clutch works normally. The slight wear of the parts is compensated because each roller 2 is pushed by the two separate top pins 4 and springs 5 ​​towards the wedged position.
3.2 Disadvantages Disadvantages of human-type overrunning clutch 1 The main parts have high precision requirements and difficult processing. Manufacturing errors will directly affect the assembly quality and the reliability of the whole machine. For example, the indexing error of each raceway surface of the inner ring cam 1 and the indexing error of each roller slot of the inner ring cam 1 to the center of the error isolation ring 4 will make some rollers unable to reach the wedge. The spacer ring 4 is deformed in a tight position to damage the overrunning clutch. There is no compensating effect on the wear of the parts. Since all the rollers 2 are pushed to the wedge position by the spacer ring 4, the wear of the parts also causes some of the rollers to fail to reach the wedge position and deform the spacer ring 4, thereby The overrunning clutch is damaged.
The disadvantage of the Type 8 overrunning clutch is that the assembly is slightly more complicated. The top pin 4 and the spring 5 have a lower strength due to their smaller size, making it a weak link of the structure overrunning clutch. The dirt easily enters the pin hole of the inner ring cam 1, and in severe cases, the top pin 4 is stuck, and the roller 2 cannot reach the wedge position, thereby causing the overrunning clutch to be damaged.
4 The main reason for the failure of the common overrunning clutch 4.1 The main reason for the failure of the in-type overrunning clutch is that the indexing error of each raceway surface of the inner ring cam 1 is too large.
The error of each raceway surface of the inner ring cam 1 to its center distance is too large.
The indexing error of the spacer ring 4 is too large.
These three kinds of errors make some rollers 2 unable to reach the wedge position, causing the isolation ring 4 to be damaged due to deformation, resulting in the overrunning clutch being unusable.
The wear fracture or fatigue damage of the spring 6 causes the roller 2 to fail to reach the wedge position, thereby damaging the overrunning clutch.
The hardness of the part is not enough. If the hardness of the raceway surface of the inner ring cam 1 and the outer ring gear 3 is low, it will cause indentation and wear after a period of use. The low hardness of the roller 2 will cause the product to be worn after a period of time. . These indentations and wear can cause the spacer ring 4 to be damaged by deformation, so that the roller cannot reach the wedge position, thereby damaging the overrunning clutch.
The raceway surface of the inner ring cam 1 has an excessively large perpendicularity to the end face of the outer ring gear 3, and the outer ring gear 3 has a cylindricity error. The inner ring cam 1 raceway surface 1 and the outer ring gear 3 have a large parallelism error, resulting in an inner ring. The spacing formed between the raceway faces of both the cam 1 and the outer ring gear 3 is not uniform in the axial direction, the wear of the roller 2 is intensified, and the spacer ring 4 is damaged by deformation, thereby causing damage to the overrunning clutch.
The main cause of the failure of the 4.28 type overrunning clutch is that the spring 5 is fatigue damaged, so that the roller 2 cannot reach the wedge position, thereby causing damage to the overrunning clutch.
The pin 4 is worn or stuck in the pin hole of the inner ring cam 1 so that the roller 2 cannot reach the wedge position, causing damage to the overrunning clutch.
The inner ring cam 1 raceway surface and its end face perpendicularity error is too large outer ring gear 3 raceway surface cylindricity is out of tolerance inner ring cam 1 raceway surface and outer ring gear 3 raceway parallelism error is large, resulting in inner ring cam 1 The spacing formed between the raceway surfaces of the outer ring gear 3 and the raceway surface is not uniform in the axial direction, causing the roller 2 to wear faster, causing damage to the overrunning clutch.
The cleanness of the overrunning clutch is poor, so that the pin hole of the inner ring cam 1 is filled with oil, the top pin 4 is stuck, and the roller 2 cannot reach the wedge position, thereby causing the overrunning clutch to be damaged.
5 Conclusion The processing accuracy is high, and it is difficult to guarantee the processing accuracy. Although the type 8 clutch has a low strength of the top pin 4 and the spring 5, since the movement of each of the rollers 2 is relatively independent, the machining accuracy of the main parts is relatively low. It is recommended that domestic manufacturers select a more suitable overrunning clutch according to their processing capacity and the conditions of use of the loader.
Address: Guangxi Liugong Group Co., Ltd. Technical Center Liuzhou City, Guangxi Province, Liuzhou National Major Technical Equipment High-power series grader localization project passed the acceptance of the State Economic and Trade Commission, Tianjin Economic and Trade Commission organized a large meeting in Tianjin on December 18, 2001 Power series grader localization project acceptance meeting. The participating experts conducted on-site inspections on the PY200a47kW and PY220162kW high-power graders developed by Sino-foreign Construction Development Co., Ltd., and believed that these two products have reached the level of the 1990s, completed the requirements of the national plan, and agreed to pass the acceptance. He Jie