According to foreign media reports, Car and Driver initiated an analysis to compare and analyze the performance of vehicles equipped with front-, mid-, and rear-mounted engines. Many engineers engaged in design work participated in the discussion. To this end, Xiao Bian has compiled the effects of three engine layout methods on vehicle handling for readers. The content is as follows: Performance analysis of a front-engined vehicle This is the most common engine layout, so front-wheel drive vehicles are also the most common. The practicality of this type of vehicle is very strong, and the front engine bay is the most convenient to operate, making the cockpit and the passenger cabin more spacious. However, the engineering design disadvantages of this type of layout are also very obvious. From the perspective of its performance, many high-end car companies only use this kind of layout for their low-end models or simply do not give up. what is the reason? The simplest explanation is that from a performance point of view, rear-wheel drive vehicles perform best. If a front-mounted engine is used, its engine output must be transmitted to the entire vehicle and the rear wheels must be rotated, which will waste a lot of power. The braking performance of a vehicle equipped with a front-mounted engine will suffer a certain loss because the vehicle weight will be transferred forward when decelerating, and will generate additional momentum in the remaining directions. Performance Analysis of Rear-engined Vehicles It can be simply understood that the engine is located at the trunk of the vehicle. For sports cars, this design is very popular because the power source can be placed above the rear axle to improve acceleration and braking performance. After all, the vehicle needs to provide strong propulsion from the rear, and the rear of the vehicle is also where the center of gravity is. When the car is under heavy pressure and pushed to the rear wheels, it can also increase tire pressure. From the design point of view, the design of the rear engine is relatively simple. People often think that the size of a vehicle equipped with a rear-mounted engine is smaller than that of an ordinary passenger car, and its advantage in terms of size will improve driving control. However, there is a manipulative shortcoming in this design, and the rear wheel drive is prone to skidding, which is known as oversteer. When the rear of the vehicle slides over the front axle, a fishtailing effect will occur. Oversteer can be used as a control technique, especially in bad weather, many track riders like to enjoy this driving effect. Performance analysis of a mid-engined vehicle According to Car and Driver's documents, although the midrange engine is the rarest of the three layouts, its engine is in the “best layout positionâ€â€”located on the front side of the rear axle. This is because, in addition to its position close to the rear wheels, this design allows the vehicle to achieve an ideal weight distribution, center of gravity and pulling force. When the center of gravity of the vehicle is in the middle, the imbalance of the wheels will not be caused by the extra weight, and the accuracy of the vehicle steering will be improved. Usually, the driver does not consider such factors, but this difference in performance is obvious when the track is tightly turned. to sum up If you drive a vehicle with a front-mounted engine, as if the engine can understand the driver's intentions, pulling the vehicle all the way quickly. When driving a rear-engined vehicle, it's like using a cruise mode. It's powerful and doesn't notice anything. The vehicle is pushing you forward. What about mid-engined vehicles? It feels like you are sitting on the road, it is absolutely visceral.
Borax is the basic raw material for preparing boron containing compounds. Almost all borides can be prepared by borax. They have important and wide applications in metallurgy, iron and steel, machinery, military industry, cutting tools, paper making, electronic tube, chemical industry, textile and other departments.
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Glass and enamel industry
Borax in glass can enhance the transmittance of ultraviolet rays and improve the transparency and heat resistance of glass. In enamel products, it can make the enamel not easy to fall off and make it have luster. It is also widely used in special optical glass, glass fiber, non-ferrous metal welding agent, jewelry binder, printing and dyeing, washing (silk and wool), gold refining, cosmetics, pesticides, fertilizers, borax soaps, antiseptics, antifreeze and medical disinfectants. [6]
Medical field
Borax is used for the treatment of skin mucosa, some tinea pedis, and also for the treatment of some inflammation, such as acute tonsillitis, pharyngitis, sore of mouth and tongue, gingivitis, otitis media, fungal vaginitis, cervical erosion, epilepsy, tumor, etc. It also has special effects in treating some animal diseases, such as chicken laryngotracheitis, goat infectious pustulosis, Mycoplasma suis pneumonia, and bovine chronic mucinous endometritis. Boron is an essential element for plant growth, human beings and animals.
Industrial field
In industry, borax is the most important industrial boron mineral. Borax is the most important compound of boron. Boron is often listed as a rare element in foreign countries, but there is abundant borax ore in China. Therefore, boron is not a rare element in China, but a high-yield element. In industry, borax is also used as a solid lubricant for metal wire drawing. It is often used as (inactive) flux to purify the metal surface in the welding maintenance of refrigerators, electric freezers, air conditioners and other refrigeration equipment. Remove the oxide on the metal surface; Add a certain proportion of sodium chloride to borax. Sodium fluoride, potassium chloride and other compounds can be used as active flux for welding between copper pipes and steel pipes and between steel pipes in refrigeration equipment.
According to foreign media reports, according to foreign media reports, Car and Driver initiated an analysis to compare the performance of vehicles equipped with front-, mid-, and rear-mounted engines. Xiao Bian arranged the three engine layouts for the readers to control the vehicle. The impact of sex. The front engine bay is the easiest to operate, allowing more space in the cockpit and in the passenger compartment. The rear engine is very popular in sports cars because the power source can be placed above the rear axle to improve acceleration and braking performance.