Recently, the research team of the Institute of Information Optics and Optoelectronic Technology, Shanghai Institute of Optics and Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Situ Guohai, and the research group of the Department of Physics, Capital Normal University, proposed a reconfigurable terahertz super-surface implementation scheme. The technical solution realizes an arbitrary, fast and accurate wavefront in the terahertz band, and provides new ideas and experimental verification for the development of reconfigurable super-surface. The supersurface is a planar structure consisting of a series of artificially designed subwavelength antennas. Compared with traditional optical components, it has the advantages of ultra-fine, ultra-thin and accurate, arbitrary wavefront modulation, and has important applications in optical interconnection, integrated optics, micro-nano optics and so on. But how to achieve its dynamic adjustability is still the main challenge currently facing. The research team used a high-intensity femtosecond laser to project a pattern onto the silicon wafer based on the photoconductivity effect to produce a super-surface effect to modulate the terahertz pulse. The output of the terahertz changes correspondingly with the change of the projection pattern, thereby realizing the light control reconfigurable terahertz super surface. When the semiconductor wafer is irradiated with light, carriers are generated and the conductivity is increased. When the conductivity rises to a certain value, the illuminated area can be considered as a metal or a weakly metallized material. Since metal structures are often used for super-surfaces, patterned illumination semiconductors can perform similar functions; when the illumination light is removed, the carriers quickly recombine to an initial state. The scheme can realize super-surface erasing and rewriting, and has three major advantages: First, the structure is simple, only one ultra-thin silicon wafer (10 μm) is needed; Second, the operation is simple, and any modulation conversion can be realized by controlling the illumination; Third, the modulation speed is high, up to 4000 frames per second. The solution can be used in real-time imaging, optical switching, time-varying materials that produce nonlinear effects, information processing, point-by-point scanning of microscopes, adaptive optics, and more. Related results have been published in 7, 1801696 (2019)].
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